Background and objective: one of the major causes of child mortality is road traffic injuries. Police-assistant students are the students, who receive education on basic and simple contents of road traffic incidents. This study was conducted in order to investigate the performance of police-assistant male students comparing with the other students in Hamadan, concerning the prevention of road traffic injuries.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study two groups of boy-students in twelve schools including 184 police-assistant students in six schools and 184 non- police-assistant students in other six schools were selected randomly. In order to collect data a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Data analysis was done using SPSS 16 and chi-square test.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of knowledge in the police-assistant group were 0.686 and 0.178 respectively and were 0.718 and 0.15 respectively in the other students group, showing there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding knowledge. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of  the eleven behavioral items, expected from police-assistant students
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the knowledge and even the behavioral items of those students who helped traffic police in comparison to those who did not help the traffic police and more proper training is necessary to improve the level of knowledge and performance of police-assistant students.