Background and Objective: Parents’ attitude play important role in children’s behavior and child abuse. The aim of current study was to assess the impact of parent role training on the mothers’ attitudes with children aged 1-5 years toward child abuse in Malayer.
Methods: In the current semi-experimental study with pre and post-tests, 122 mothers with children 1-5 years old were selected through cluster sampling from kindergartens of Malayer in 2016. Then, mothers were randomly selected and divided into two groups of experimental and control (61 in the experimental group and 61 in the control group). "Adult Adolescent Parenting Inventory" questionnaire was used as data collection  . Training Group of parental role was held in four sessions for two weeks. Before training and one month after it, questionnaires were completed by both groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16. Descriptive statistics, independent and paired t-tests, were applied for data analysis with a confidence level of 0.95.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of the attitude scores for the experimental group before and after training were 69.60±7.28 and 86.8 ±14.79, respectively, and this difference was significant (p<0.01). Moreover, the comparison of the mean scores of attitude and its components (its compass) between experimental and control groups revealed a significant difference after the intervention (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Parent role training has changed mothers’ attitudes about child abuse and improved their attitude toward correct nurture (proper pedagogical) behavior. Therefore, systematic and group training of parental role, by reducing misuse of toddlers and young children, is an important step in their physical and mental health.