Investigating the Effect of Telenursing-based Education on Life Satisfaction of Caregivers of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

Lavarzaei, Samira; Rezaee, Nasrin; Navidian, Ali; Dastras, Majid; Mohammadifard, Leila

[Home ] [Archive]

[ فارسی ]

Iranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion

فصلنامه آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت ایران

Main Menu

Home

Journal Information

Articles archive

For Authors

Publication Ethics

Editorial policy

Contact us

Site Facilities

Reviewe

Citation Impact

Search in website

Receive site information

COPE Membership

Creative Commons Licence

Open access

Back to the articles list

Back to browse issues page

Investigating the Effect of Telenursing-based Education on Life Satisfaction of Caregivers of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

, Leila Mohammadifard ^*

Abstract: (76 Views)

Background and Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women, which has extensive physical, psychological, and social consequences for patients and their families. And given the limited resources for in-person care, telenursing-based education as a new approach can play an effective role in supporting caregivers. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of telenursing-based education on life satisfaction of caregivers of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy who referred to the educational and treatment centers of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in 2024.

Materials and Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study. The research population included caregivers of cancer patients referred to Khatam Al-Anbia and Ali Ibn Abi Taleb (AS) chemotherapy hospitals in Zahedan in 1403. The sample size was 70 people who were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups using a limited random allocation method. A free website called Positive was provided to the intervention group, which included a 20-day program. Before and 4 weeks after the end of the intervention, data were collected using the SWLS life satisfaction questionnaire and analyzed in SPSS version 27 using independent t-tests, paired t-tests, chi-square, and analysis of covariance. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.

Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean score of life satisfaction. However, the results of the analysis of covariance test with control of the pre-test effect showed that the mean final score of life satisfaction in family caregivers after telenursing-based training in the intervention group (15.8 ± 3.29) was significantly higher than that in the control group (12.4 ± 3.42) (p = 0.0001).

Conclusion: The telenursing-based education intervention had a positive and significant effect on increasing the life satisfaction of caregivers of cancer patients. Therefore, the use of this educational approach is recommended for healthcare providers to increase the well-being and psychological health of caregivers and also to improve the life satisfaction of caregivers and patients with cancer.

Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Keywords: Tele Nursing, Life-Satisfaction, Caregivers, Breast Neoplasms, Quality of Life

Type of Study: Research | Subject: Health Education & Health Promotion
Received: 2025/02/20 | Accepted: 2025/07/11

References

1. Nikfarid L, Rassouli M, Borimnejad L, Alavimajd H. Experience of chronic sorrow in mothers of children with cancer: A phenomenological study. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2017;28:98-106. [DOI:10.1016/j.ejon.2017.02.003] [PMID]

2. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71 (3): 209-49. [DOI:10.3322/caac.21660] [PMID]

3. Global Cancer Observatory. Iran Fact Sheet. International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/364-iran-islamic-republic-of-fact-sheets.pdf

4. Mental Health BHaSUM. Global status report on the public health response to dementia 2021 [cited 2021 01/september/2021]. Available from:https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240033245.

5. Adib M, Ganbari A, Pooralizadeh M, Kazemnazhad E. The Study of Risk Factors Related to Medical History, Lifestyle and Health Behaviors in Women with Breast Cancer. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2012;15 (22):17-26.6.

6. Chu KC, Tarone RE, Kessler LG, Ries LA, Hankey BF, Miller BA, et al. Recent trends in U.S. breast cancer incidence, survival, and mortality rates. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996;88 (21):1571-9. [DOI:10.1093/jnci/88.21.1571] [PMID]

7. Jawad MA, Abulkassim R, Mohameed DAA-H, Razak TA, Al-Baghdady HaFA. The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Physical Health and Quality of Life in Patients with Gastric (Stomach) Cancer. International Journal of Body, Mind and Culture. 2023;9 (sp):120-8.

8. ÖZPINAR S, ÇELİK ODABAŞI N, AKYOL M. Associations between health literacy and preventive Skin Cancer Prevention Strategies among University Students. Journal of Health Literacy. 2020;5 (3):12-25.

9. Weitzner MA, Haley WE, Chen H. The family caregiver of the older cancer patient. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2000;14 (1):269-81. [DOI:10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70288-4] [PMID]

10. Cardoso F, Harbeck N, Mertz S, Fenech D. Evolving psychosocial, emotional, functional, and support needs of women with advanced breast cancer: Results from the Count Us, Know Us, Join Us and Here & Now surveys. Breast. 2016;28:5-12. [DOI:10.1016/j.breast.2016.04.004] [PMID]

11. Weitzner MA, Jacobsen PB, Wagner H, Jr., Friedland J, Cox C. The Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer (CQOLC) scale: development and validation of an instrument to measure quality of life of the family caregiver of patients with cancer. Qual Life Res. 1999;8 (1-2):55-63. [DOI:10.1023/A:1026407010614] [PMID]

12. Palos GR, Mendoza TR, Liao KP, Anderson KO, Garcia-Gonzalez A, Hahn K, et al. Caregiver symptom burden: the risk of caring for an underserved patient with advanced cancer. Cancer. 2011;117 (5):1070-9. [DOI:10.1002/cncr.25695] [PMID] []

13. sajadian A, Hydary L, Mokhtari Hesari P. Common Breast Cancer Family Care Giving Problems. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases. 2015;8 (2):7-14.

14. Matud MP, Bethencourt JM, Ibáñez I. Relevance of gender roles in life satisfaction in adult people. Personality and Individual Differences. 2014;70:206-11. [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2014.06.046]

15. Zhao S, Zhang J, Liu Y, Ji H, Lew B. The association between psychological strains and life satisfaction: Evidence from medical staff in China. J Affect Disord. 2020;260:105-10. [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.006] [PMID]

16. Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. J Pers Assess. 1985;49 (1):71-5. [DOI:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13] [PMID]

17. Veenhoven R. The study of life-satisfaction. In: Saris WE, Veenhoven R, Scherpenzeel AC, Bunting B, editors. A comparative study of satisfaction with life in Europe. Budapest: Eötvös University Press; 1996. p. 11–48.

18. Moksnes UK, Eilertsen MB, Ringdal R, Bjørnsen HN, Rannestad T. Life satisfaction in association with self-efficacy and stressor experience in adolescents - self-efficacy as a potential moderator. Scand J Caring Sci. 2019;33 (1):222-30. [DOI:10.1111/scs.12624] [PMID]

19. Gouveia VV, Milfont, T. L., Fonseca, P. N., & Coelho, J. A. . Life Satisfaction in Brazil: Testing the psychometric properties of the satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) in five Brazilian samples. Social Indicators Research, 90, 267-277. 2009;90:267-77. [DOI:10.1007/s11205-008-9257-0]

20. Tubaishat A, Aljezawi M, Al-Rawajfah OM, Habiballah L, Akhu-Zaheya LM. Exploring changes in nursing students' attitudes towards the use of technology: A four-wave longitudinal panel study. Nurse Educ Today. 2016;38:101-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2015.12.006] [PMID]

21. Zare Bidaki M, Naderi F, Ayati M. Effects of Mobile Learning on Paramedical Students' Academic Achievement and Self-regulation. Future of Medical Education Journal. 2013;3 (3):24-8.

22. Hou C, Carter B, Hewitt J, Francisa T, Mayor S. Do Mobile Phone Applications Improve Glycemic Control (HbA1c) in the Self-management of Diabetes? A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and GRADE of 14 Randomized Trials. Diabetes Care. 2016;39 (11):2089-95. [DOI:10.2337/dc16-0346] [PMID]

23. Yang S, Jiang Q, Li H. The role of telenursing in the management of diabetes：A systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nurs. 2019;36 (4):575-86. [DOI:10.1111/phn.12603] [PMID]

24. Jamehbozorgi L, Farmahini Farahani M, Poorsaadat L, Moslemi A. The effect of education and telephone follow-up (tele-nursing) on self-care and quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis: A clinical trial study. Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research in Nursing. 2023;9 (3):47-54.

25. Behzadi H, Borimnejad L, Mardani Hamoleh M, Haghani S. Effect of an Online Educational Intervention on Resilience and Care Burden of the Parents of Children With Cancer. IJN 2022; 35 (136):118-133[Persian]. [DOI:10.32598/ijn.35.2.247.4]

26. Diener ED, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment. 1985;49(1):71–5. [DOI:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13]

27. Bayani AA, Koocheky AM, Goodarzi H. The reliability and validity of the satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Iranian Psychologists. 2007;3(11):259–65.

28. Lluch-Canut MT. Decalogue of Positive Mental Health [Internet]. Barcelona: Repositori Universitat de Barcelona; 2011 Sep 27 [cited 2025 Jul 16]. Available from: Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona

29. Bani Ardalan H, Motalebi S A, Shahrokhi A, Mohammadi F. Effect of Education and Telephone Follow-Up on Care Burden of Caregivers of Older Patients with Stroke. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing 2022; 17 (2) :290-303. URL: http://salmandj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2171-en.html [DOI:10.32598/sija.2022.2183.3]

30. ahmadi Y, alazemani F, maleki H. The Role of Telenursing in Improving the Chronic Diseases Management. NPWJM 2020; 8 (27) :16-21. http://npwjm.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-704-en.html [DOI:10.29252/npwjm.8.27.16]

31. Safari Nezhad M, Pakseresht M, Sayehmiri K. Effect of Distance Education (Telenursing) on Reducing the Anxiety of Prostate Cancer Patients after Chemotherapy: A Semi-experimental Study. Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2023; 31 (4) :303-311. http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-2637-en.html [DOI:10.32592/ajnmc.31.4.303]

32. Kim SS, Kim EJ, Cheon JY, Chung SK, Moon S, Moon KH. The effectiveness of home-based individual tele-care intervention for stroke caregivers in South Korea. Int Nurs Rev. 2012 Sep;59 (3):369-75. [DOI:10.1111/j.1466-7657.2011.00967.x] [PMID]

33. Bikmoradi A, Masmouei B, Ghomeisi M, Roshanaei G. Impact of Tele-nursing on adherence to treatment plan in discharged patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A quasi-experimental study in Iran. Int J Med Inform. 2016 Feb;86:43-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2015.12.001] [PMID]

34. Kruse CS, Pacheco GJ, Vargas B, Lozano N, Castro S, Gattu M. Leveraging Telehealth for the Management of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Oct 12;10 (10):2015. doi: [DOI:10.3390/healthcare10102015] [PMID] []

35. Chen YY, Guan BS, Li ZK, Li XY. Effect of telehealth intervention on breast cancer patients' quality of life and psychological outcomes: A meta-analysis. J Telemed Telecare. 2018 Apr;24 (3):157-167. [DOI:10.1177/1357633X16686777] [PMID]

36. Gholipour B, Bigli S, Dibaji Forooshani ZS, Safavi Bayat Z, Montazer B, Gachkar L, et al. Effect of telenursing education on the comfort of patients with COVID-19 in home quarantine. J Mod Family Med. 2021;1 (1):102.

Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article